The first settlement was founded during the Early Bronz Age about 5000 years ago on the Acropolis. In the Hellenistic Period ( 3 rd – 1 st century BC) Metropolis, which meant the city of Mother Goddess, was fortified with impressive walls. It was in this period that monumental public buildings such as the theatre, Stoa and bouleteurion were erected mostly with generous funds granted by the citizens.

During the Roman period the city covered an extensive area. The city’s income did not solely depend on farming and agriculture. Being on the main road between Smyrna and Ephesos, trade developed rapidly and became one of the main income points. A roman bath and gymnasium complex has also been unearthed on the lower northern slopes.

During late Byzantine period, the city where is the center of Bishops, decreased in size. A new fortress was built between the Acropolis and Stoa around the 14 th century AD. Soon after the Turkish conquest in the 15th century, the city was abandoned. Over time the inhabitants move to Torbalı.